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AFRICA

Click on the name of the required country or scroll down for the relevant information Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Rep. Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Bissau Ivory Coast Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome & Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Chad Comoros Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe   A key to the abbreviations used and information on the different anti-malarial drug regimens can be found below the main tables

COUNTRY MAL 1 MAL 2 YEL HEP A TYP TET POL MEN ENC DIP RAB HEP B Algeria malaria risk very low; employ anti-mosquito measures 4 - C R R R R - - L L L Angola malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Benin Republic malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Botswana malaria risk in the Northern half of the country from November through to June. 2 1 - R R R R - - L L L Burkina Faso malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Burundi malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Cameroon malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Cape Verde Islands Very low malaria risk - avoid mosquito bites. 4 - RC R R R R - - L L L Central African Republic malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Chad malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 R R R R R R - L L L Comoros malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 R R R R R - - L L L Congo (Zaire) malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Djibouti malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 RC R R R R L - L L L Egypt malaria risk from June - Oct in El Faiyum region only. All other areas, very low risk, avoid mosquito bites. 3/4 - C R R R R - - L L L Equatorial Guinea malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 RC R R R R - - L L L Eritrea malaria risk in all areas below 2000m 1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Ethiopia malaria risk in areas below 2000m only. No risk in Addis Ababa - avoid mosquito bites 1 2 R R R R R R - L L L COUNTRY MAL 1 MAL 2 YEL HEP A TYP TET POL MEN ENC DIP RAB HEP B Gabon malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R - - L L L Gambia malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Ghana malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Guinea Bissau malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Ivory Coast malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Kenya malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Lesotho no malaria risk but anti-mosquito measures recommended - - RC R R R R - - L L L Liberia malaria risk in the whole country all year round  1 2 M R R R R - - L L L Libya no malaria risk but anti-mosquito measures recommended - - - R R R R - - L L L Madagascar malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 C R R R R - - L L L Malawi malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 C R R R R L - L L L Mali malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Mauritania malaria risk is present all year in the south of the country, but only from July to October in the north. 2 1 R R R R R R - L L L Mauritius malaria risk in rural areas only, very low risk on Rodrigues Island and tourist hotel areas, avoid mosquito bites. 3/4 - C R R R R - - L - L Morocco malaria risk very low; employ anti-mosquito measures 4 - - R R R R - - L L L Mozambique malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 C R R R R R - L L L Namibia malaria risk in northern areas Nov - Jun only. All year round along the Kavango & Kunene rivers and close to the Angolan border. 2 1 - R R R R R - L L L COUNTRY MAL 1 MAL 2 YEL HEP A TYP TET POL MEN ENC DIP RAB HEP B Niger malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Nigeria malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Rwanda malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Sao Tome & Principe malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 M R R R R - - L L L Senegal malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Seychelles no malaria risk but anti-mosquito measures recommended - - C R R R R - - L - L Sierra Leone malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Somalia malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L South Africa malaria risk in the northeast and low altitude areas of the Northern Province, Mpumalanga and eastern KwaZulu-Natal down to 100km north of Durban, including national parks in those areas eg. Kruger National Park. 1 2 C R R R R - - L L L Sudan Red Sea coast no prophylaxis required regimen 4, all other areas regimen 1 or 2 1/4 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Swaziland malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 C R R R R - - L L L Tanzania malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Togo malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 M R R R R R - L L L Tunisia malaria risk very low; employ anti-mosquito measures 4 - - R R R R - - L L L Uganda malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 RC R R R R R - L L L Zambia malaria risk in the whole country all year round 1 2 R R R R R R - L L L Zimbabwe malaria risk in areas below 1200m between November and June. All year round in the Zambezi Valley 1/2 2/1 C R R R R L - L L L

YEL Yellow Fever HEP A Hepatitis A TYP Typhoid TET Tetanus POL Polio MEN Meningitis ENC Encephalitis B DIP Diphtheria RAB Rabies HEP B Hepatitis B M Vaccination is mandatory and a certificate of vaccination is required for entry. C A certificate of vaccination may be required if entering from an endemic country, (except for children <1 year old). R Vaccination is recommended for the country but no evidence is required for entry. L Long Term. Vaccination recommended for travellers staying in endemic areas for 3 months or more.   Countries requiring malaria prophyllaxis should be regarded as being at risk all year round and you should also assume that the whole country is at risk unless otherwise indicated. The 1st malaria regimen (MAL 1) is the preferred regimen for a country. The 2nd malaria regimen (MAL 2) is an alternative that should only be used when the 1st Regimen is either unavailable or badly tolerated. The preferred regimen should always be used whenever possible. Use of the 2nd regimen in some instances may not provide adequate cover. When there are two different regimens for the same country, they are area specific. Read the text to find out which regimen is suitable for the area you require. Where regimen 1 is indicated there is Chloroquine resistance in that region and it is very likely to be the Falciparum malaria which is the most serious form of the disease. In this instance it is vitally important that travellers take adequate prophylaxis. Remember:- No prophylaxis is 100% effective but not taking anti-malarials where they are indicated will put you at greater risk should you get the disease. Malaria is a killer!   The Different Drug Regimens Regimen 1 Mefloquine one 250mg tablet weekly. OR Doxycycline one 100mg capsule daily. OR Malarone one tablet daily. Regimen 2 Chloroquine 300mg weekly (2x150mg tablets). PLUS Proguanil 200mg daily (2x100mg tablets). Regimen 3 Chloroquine 300mg weekly (2x150mg tablets) OR Proguanil 200mg daily (2x100mg tablets). Regimen 4 No prophylactic tablets required but anti mosquito measures such as insect repellents, mosquito nets, long sleeved clothing, etc. should be strictly observed. .   Proguanil 100mg tablets are supplied as Paludrine Tablets Chloroquine 150mg tablets are supplied as Nivaquine or Avloclor Tablets Mefloquine 250mg tablets are supplied as Lariam Tablets   Malarone is a combination of Atovaquone 250mg and Proguanil 100mg   Length of Prophylaxis Chloroquine, Proguanil & Maloprim Start one week before travel, throughout your stay in an endemic area and continue for four weeks after return. Mefloquine (Lariam) Start two and a half weeks before travel, throughout your stay in an endemic area and continue for four weeks after return. Doxycycline Start two days before travel, throughout your stay in an endemic area and continue for four weeks after return. Malarone Start two days before travel, throughout your stay in an endemic area and continue for one week after return. IMPORTANT! Take the tablets absolutely regularly, preferably with or after a meal.   Long Term Use of Anti-Malaria Drugs Chloroquine May be taken for periods exceeding five years. Paludrine May be taken for periods exceeding five years. Maloprim Can be taken for periods up to one year. Mefloquine Can be taken for periods up to one year. Doxycycline Can be taken for periods up to six months. Malarone Can be used for travel periods up to three months.   Compatibility of Anti-Malaria Drugs   Pregnancy Breast Feeding Epilepsy Psoriasis Altitude Scuba Diving Chloroquine OK OK NO NO OK OK Paludrine OK OK OK OK OK OK Mefloquine OK* NO NO OK NO NO Doxycycline NO NO OK OK OK OK Malarone NO NO OK OK OK OK * These drugs are not suitable during the first trimester of pregnancy.   Childrens' Dosages: Calculate the dose by weight rather than by age if possible Age/Weight Chloroquine (once weekly) Proguanil (once daily) Mefloquine (once weekly) Doxycycline (once daily) Malarone (once daily) 0 - 12 weeks under 6kg ¼ tablet ¼ tablet - - - 3 - 12 months 6 - 10kg ½ tablet ½ tablet ¼ tablet - - 1 - 3 years 10 - 16kg ¾ tablet ¾ tablet ¼ tablet - 1 child's tablet 4 - 7 years 16 - 25kg 1 tablet 1 tablet ½ tablet - 1 child's tablet 8 - 12 years 25 - 45 Kg 1½ tablets 1½ tablets ¾ tablet - 2 child's tablets 13 years and over 45kg and over 2 tablets 2 tablets 1 tablet 1 capsule 1 adult tablet The above dosages are based upon the guidelines issued by the Advisory Committee on Malaria Prevention.   Adult Dosages Regimen Dose for Chemoprophylaxis Usual amount per tablet (mg) Areas without drug resistance: Chloroquine Proguanil 2 tablets weekly 2 tablets daily 150mg (base) 100mg Areas of little chloroquine resistance (poorly effective where marked resistance): Chloroquine plus Proguanil 2 tablets weekly 2 tablets daily 150mg (base) 100mg Areas of chloroquine resistant P. falciparum: Mefloquine Doxycycline Malarone (atovaquone & proguanil) 1 tablet weekly 1 tablet/capsule daily 1 tablet daily 250mg (228 in USA) 100mg 250mg atovaquone & 100mg proguanil